Implementing Historical Ciphers in Python - Part 1

My New Year’s resolution for 2021 was to learn more about encryption, starting from the earliest documented forms of it in history. I bought myself Simon Singh’s The Code Book and started reading through it. About the same time, I was doing a lot of experimental stuff in Python and had the idea to merge the two. Fast forward, and I started implementing each cipher in the book starting with the Caesar cipher.